Turnaround Management and Corporate Restructuring
Restructuring Consulting: Securing Liquidity and Making Earnings Carry Again
Restructuring is the orderly rebuild of a company whose earnings or solvency no longer carry on their own. Three levels are affected at the same time: the liquidity of the coming months, the earning power of the business, and the confidence of banks, shareholders, suppliers and the workforce. The subject becomes urgent as soon as plan and actuals drift apart for good. What is needed then is a set of figures that holds, an order of play that does not trade short-term solvency against lasting earning power, and people who have been through comparable situations. That is why corporate restructuring and turnaround management are rarely separate exercises — the structural rebuild and the work on liquidity run in parallel, and the sequence between them is the actual subject of the mandate. Legal assessments remain a matter for lawyers and auditors.
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What Restructuring Consulting Delivers — and What It Does Not
In a strained situation three clocks run at once, and they run at different speeds. The first is the liquidity clock. It measures in days and weeks and does not negotiate: on the due date the money is there, or it is not. The second is the earnings clock. Price adjustments, cost programmes and site decisions take effect over quarters, usually over a full financial year. The third is the confidence clock at banks, shareholders, suppliers and the company’s own workforce. It runs the most quietly and is the hardest to wind back: a credit line that has been cut rarely returns to its old level on its own.
The actual subject of the work is the order of play between these three clocks. A cost programme that only lands in the next financial year does not help a company whose liquidity clock runs out in eight weeks. The other way round, a purely liquidity-driven step that hits suppliers without warning can speed up the confidence clock so far that the rebuild is no longer financeable afterwards. This is where restructuring consulting differs from a straightforward cost project, and it is what turnaround consulting is engaged for: not a longer list of measures, but a defensible sequence. For that reason the starting point is not a list of measures but a shared set of figures — a liquidity forecast at weekly level, an income statement that separates lasting from one-off effects, and an overview of the commitments already given. Only then can it be decided which measure pays into which clock. In practice that ordering work is what turnaround management contributes: it holds the sequence when several parties are pushing for different first steps.
What restructuring consulting does not deliver. It replaces neither legal nor audit review. Questions on the duty to file for insolvency, on liability risks for the management, on the stabilisation and restructuring framework under the German StaRUG or on self-administration are legal questions; in every individual case they belong with the professionals admitted to practise, and this page describes them for orientation only. It is also not a promise about the behaviour of third parties: whether a bank extends a line, a shareholder injects capital or a major customer stays is decided by those parties themselves. And it does not take the decision away from the management — outside experience can lay out options cleanly, weigh them and give reasons; the company has to answer for them.
When External Support Carries in a Strained Situation
Outside support is not the right answer in every situation. Where the figures hold, where there is capacity in house for the implementation and where a comparable situation has already been handled once, the internal route is usually faster and cheaper. The starting positions below, by contrast, reach us regularly as enquiries. They are examples and not a closing list — and expressly not a statement about the situation of any individual reader.
1. Plan and Actuals Drift Apart for Good
- Deviations repeat over several months, and the explanation changes every time.
- Not every deviation is a sign of crisis — what matters is whether it can be explained and carried forward.
2. The Liquidity Forecast Does Not Reach Far Enough
- The view covers a few weeks, but the larger maturities sit behind it.
- A forecast at weekly level that holds is the precondition for every further decision.
3. An Earnings Programme Falls Short of Its Promise
- Measures are agreed and documented, yet they cannot be seen in the result.
- What is usually missing is not the idea but the assignment to a person, a date and a number.
4. Financing Partners Ask for a Concept
- Banks or shareholders expect a traceable account of the situation, the causes and the way forward.
- Which standard is required is settled by the partner concerned — that is not a question anyone can answer from the outside.
5. The Portfolio No Longer Carries Its Own Structure
- Several sites, plants or product lines tie up capital without making their contribution.
- Decisions of that kind need a data basis that separates contribution margins and shared effects cleanly.
6. A Key Position Is Vacant at Short Notice
- Commercial or plant management drops out while there is a great deal to decide anyway.
- An experienced interim appointment keeps the business able to act until the role is filled permanently.
Do you recognise your own starting position in one of these descriptions? Twenty minutes are enough to sort out which figure is needed first, which question belongs with a legal or audit review, and which profile comes into question for the next step.
Where Restructuring Consulting Takes Hold in the Company
The levels below are staffed singly or in combination — depending on which of the three clocks is running fastest at the time. In practice it almost always starts with the situation assessment and the liquidity view; everything else builds on that. This is a selection, not a fixed programme: which levels are actually needed is decided by the starting position.
Situation Assessment and Liquidity View
The entry point of every mandate: a liquidity forecast at weekly level, an income statement that separates lasting from one-off effects, and an overview of the commitments already given. The aim is a set of figures all parties can follow — not the fastest answer, but the one that holds.
Turnaround and Restructuring Concept
Causes, target picture, measures and a planning model in a traceable account that decisions can be aligned to. This is the document most turnaround management mandates are measured against. We name standards such as IDW S6 and work so that our output connects to them; an opinion or attestation under such a standard is a service of audit firms and of the professionals admitted for it, and is not delivered here. Which standard applies in the individual case is settled by the financing partner.
Cost and Earnings Programmes
Measures with an owner, a date and an earnings effect, grouped by the horizon over which they land. The demanding part is not finding the levers but tracking them: which measure is agreed, which is already working, which has been pushed back. Process and procurement levers belong here and are covered in more depth under process consulting and procurement consulting.
Operational Restructuring: Plants, Sites, Portfolio
Decisions on sites, plants and product lines on the basis of contribution margins, shared effects and capacity utilisation — and the implementation that follows from them. Where a programme reaches deep into manufacturing we work with the profiles and the approach from operations and process improvement instead of building it a second time here.
Working Capital and Cash Management
Inventory, receivables and payables are the lever that acts fastest on the liquidity clock and costs no earning power: coverage by article group, an orderly receivables process, and a payment discipline that puts its priorities on the table instead of improvising them again every day.
Supporting Stakeholder and Financing Talks
Preparing the figures and the arguments for talks with banks, shareholders and other parties, together with an agreed communication schedule. What is decided in those talks is decided by the parties themselves — no commitment on credit lines, deferrals or capital measures can or will be given from here. Questions of refinancing and capital structure are covered on the page for corporate finance consulting.
Which of these levels has to take hold first in your case can be sorted out in a short conversation. Describe the starting position — you will get an assessment of a sensible entry point and of the profiles that come into question for it.
In Which Scope We Work
The outcome often depends less on technical depth than on the scope of the mandate: how much outside capacity works with what authority over what period. The four forms below occur most often and can be moved into one another as the work goes on.
A Situation Picture Within Weeks
One experienced person builds the set of figures: liquidity forecast, income statement, overview of the commitments given. The result is a situation picture that carries decisions — without anything having been decided about measures yet.
Concept With an Action Plan
A small team works out causes, target picture, measures and the planning model together with your functions. The work connects to the standards financing partners usually expect; their review and attestation stays with the firms admitted for it.
Short-Notice Appointment On Site
The case where speed matters: a leadership or steering role filled within a short time, with a high share of presence on site and a tight rhythm — often a daily cash view and a weekly measures round. Sensible where commercial or operational management is vacant, or where an authority close to the decisions is missing.
Support Until the Effect Shows
Outside capacity works alongside your teams for months on the implementation and on the tracking system. The mandate ends when the measures are carried in the company’s regular reporting and no longer in a project list.
Restructuring by Industry: What Determines the Room for Action
The tools of a restructuring look similar across industries; the room for action does not. It depends on how much capital is tied up in working capital, how quickly capacity can be redirected, how long contractual commitments run and how far regulation dictates the sequence. In a plant with deep vertical integration the lever sits in inventory and utilisation, in retail in assortment and space productivity, in project business in costing and claims management. Precisely for that reason we staff by industry experience: whoever knows the cost structure, the usual contracts and the rhythm of a sector does not lose the first weeks understanding the starting position. Across 25 specialist areas and more than 300 role profiles that experience can be cut to fit. This is also why corporate restructuring cases are rarely comparable across sectors even when the method is the same. The fields below are the ones enquiries reach us in most often — a selection, not a catalogue.
Industry & Mechanical Engineering
Deep vertical integration ties up capital in material, work in progress and capacity. Room for action is therefore created first through inventory, utilisation and the question of which production steps have to stay in house. Long quotation and delivery cycles at the same time mean that price adjustments only reach the result with a delay — a case in which the liquidity clock and the earnings clock run apart. Appointments here usually go to profiles that cover plant steering and the commercial view together.
Automotive & Suppliers
Call-off framework contracts and capacity committed long term make the supplier business sensitive to falling volumes: the costs are fixed, the call-offs are not. Restructuring here turns on utilisation scenarios per programme, on separating profitable from unprofitable part numbers, and on talks about terms whose outcome rests solely with the contracting parties.
Retail & Consumer Goods
In retail the largest lever sits in working capital: assortment width, coverage and markdowns decide liquidity, often more strongly than personnel cost. Add to that lease commitments and floor space with very different productivity. The work starts with a contribution margin view per assortment and per floor before structure is discussed.
Construction & Real Estate
Project business with long run times, pre-financing and disputes over claims: here the quality of the costing decides the position of the whole company. Restructuring means first valuing every running project on its own and showing its liquidity effect over the remaining term honestly — including the projects whose result depends on open claims.
Logistics & Transport
Thin margins with a high fixed cost base from fleet, sites and staff: even small shifts in volume act immediately on the result. The room for action lies in customer profitability per lane, in contract terms and indexation clauses, and in the utilisation of own against bought-in capacity. Follow-on questions about network structure are covered by supply chain consulting.
Healthcare & Life Sciences
Revenues here largely follow regulated reimbursement systems that cannot be renegotiated at short notice; the cost side is equally tied by qualification and documentation requirements. Restructuring therefore works mainly on service structure, utilisation and process organisation. Regulatory requirements set the sequence and have to be checked professionally in the individual case.
Industry & Mechanical Engineering
Deep vertical integration ties up capital in material, work in progress and capacity. Room for action is therefore created first through inventory, utilisation and the question of which production steps have to stay in house. Long quotation and delivery cycles at the same time mean that price adjustments only reach the result with a delay — a case in which the liquidity clock and the earnings clock run apart. Appointments here usually go to profiles that cover plant steering and the commercial view together.
Automotive & Suppliers
Call-off framework contracts and capacity committed long term make the supplier business sensitive to falling volumes: the costs are fixed, the call-offs are not. Restructuring here turns on utilisation scenarios per programme, on separating profitable from unprofitable part numbers, and on talks about terms whose outcome rests solely with the contracting parties.
Retail & Consumer Goods
In retail the largest lever sits in working capital: assortment width, coverage and markdowns decide liquidity, often more strongly than personnel cost. Add to that lease commitments and floor space with very different productivity. The work starts with a contribution margin view per assortment and per floor before structure is discussed.
Construction & Real Estate
Project business with long run times, pre-financing and disputes over claims: here the quality of the costing decides the position of the whole company. Restructuring means first valuing every running project on its own and showing its liquidity effect over the remaining term honestly — including the projects whose result depends on open claims.
Logistics & Transport
Thin margins with a high fixed cost base from fleet, sites and staff: even small shifts in volume act immediately on the result. The room for action lies in customer profitability per lane, in contract terms and indexation clauses, and in the utilisation of own against bought-in capacity. Follow-on questions about network structure are covered by supply chain consulting.
Healthcare & Life Sciences
Revenues here largely follow regulated reimbursement systems that cannot be renegotiated at short notice; the cost side is equally tied by qualification and documentation requirements. Restructuring therefore works mainly on service structure, utilisation and process organisation. Regulatory requirements set the sequence and have to be checked professionally in the individual case.
Projects Commissioned in a Restructuring — and Their Control Metric
What is actually commissioned falls largely into four types. Each has a typical starting position, a sequence and a metric that progress can be read from. The list is a selection — mandates mix these types regularly.
Securing Liquidity and the Weekly Forecast
Starting position: the view of solvency reaches only a few weeks, and the larger maturities sit behind it. The route runs through a rolling weekly forecast, a prioritisation of outgoing payments and the levers in working capital. The control metric is free liquidity at the end of each planning week.
Turnaround Concept as a Basis for Decisions
Starting position: financing partners or shareholders expect a traceable account of the situation, the causes and the way forward. Cause analysis, target picture, action plan and planning model are worked out — the core deliverable of a turnaround management mandate. The control metric is whether the reasoning can be followed; whether a review or attestation is required is decided by the partner concerned together with the firms admitted for it.
Cost and Earnings Programme
Starting position: the result no longer carries the cost structure, and individual measures are already running without showing an effect. The work consists of identifying levers, assigning them to owners and dates, and a tracking that distinguishes agreed, effective and postponed. The control metric is the earnings effect that can be evidenced.
Site and Portfolio Decision
Starting position: several sites or product lines tie up capital without making their contribution. The route runs through an earnings view per unit that shows shared effects cleanly, through scenarios and through the consequences of implementation. The control metric is the earnings contribution per unit after shared effects. Questions of employment law and co-determination have to be clarified professionally at an early stage and lie outside this consulting work.
Which Profiles Carry a Restructuring
From Situation Assessment to Impact Review: The Sequence
The length and depth of the steps depend on size, structure and the state of the data; the order does not: first the figures, then the causes, then the way forward, then the implementation and its control. A step is not skipped, only shortened where reliable preparatory work exists.
1. Situation Assessment
2. Causes and Room for Action
3. Measures and Sequence
4. Alignment With the Parties
5. Implementation
6. Impact Review and Handover
Costs and Daily Rates: What an Interim Manager in a Restructuring Costs
Billing runs through our network per day of deployment; there are no project lump sums and no success-based components. The budget comes from two figures: the rate and the number of days. In a restructuring the second is the harder one to plan, because the share of on-site presence and the rhythm shift over the course of the work.
What moves the rate. First the seniority of the role and how close it sits to the decisions: whoever leads a legal entity or appears in front of financing partners sits clearly above a role that supports. Then urgency — an appointment within a few days narrows the field of candidates. Then the industry: whoever knows the cost structure and the usual contracts of a sector brings in time that is otherwise lost at the start. The share of on-site presence moves the rate in both directions: task force assignments with a high presence share sit above mandates that run mostly remote. Finally the duration — a mandate over twelve months sits below a six-week assignment per day.
The ranges from our own role inventory, as they stand on the respective role pages. For the commercial groundwork — liquidity forecast, income statement, metrics — €700 – €1,300 per day (Freelance Financial Controller, Freelance Cash Flow Manager, Freelance Business Controller, Freelance Treasury Manager). For the operational lever work on processes and cost €800 – €1,600 (Freelance Lean Management Consultant, Freelance Operational Excellence Consultant). For steering a mandate with crisis experience €1,300 – €2,200 (Freelance Crisis Manager). Leadership on a temporary basis sits above that: €1,000 – €1,900 for plant and production management (Interim Production Manager, Interim Plant Manager) and €1,300 – €2,500 for the commercial and the overall responsibility (Interim CFO, Interim COO, Interim CEO). These are ranges with context, not fixed prices — where a profile sits within its range is decided by the cut of the mandate.
Budget in stages rather than in one sum. It makes sense to think in three stages. The situation assessment is the smallest and can be tightly bounded without pre-empting the way forward. The concept stage is larger, because functions have to be involved and planning models built. The implementation stage is the longest and the one that can best be measured against the effect achieved. After each stage the next one can be decided afresh — the practical advantage over budgeting in a single sum.
Difference to engaging a firm or a law firm. A restructuring firm or a law firm is engaged as a house and provides a team; billing follows their own models. Through our network a named person is engaged for a period, whose daily rate and profile are fixed beforehand. One point matters here: a freelance assignment does not replace an attestation or an expert opinion. Review and attestation under a standard such as IDW S6, and every legal assessment, remain services of the professionals admitted for them; their fees are deliberately not quantified here.
Which profiles come into question depends on the scope of the mandate. The overview sits under Restructuring & Operational Efficiency; the commercial profiles sit under Finance & Controlling, the temporary leadership roles under Strategy & Management Consulting and the site-side roles under Operations & Production. If your project borders on refinancing or a share sale, the page on corporate finance consulting is the right entry point; if it reaches deep into manufacturing, into the processes or into procurement, then operations and process improvement, process consulting and procurement consulting. Where a project management office has to be set up alongside the measures, the roles for it sit under Project Management, the discipline itself under project management consulting. Legal and audit questions belong in an individual review by the professionals admitted for them.
The Room for Action Is Greatest at the Start
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Frequently Asked Questions About Restructuring Consulting
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